In Romania, alongside the e-invoicing system, the e-Transport system has emerged as a mandatory tool for monitoring the transportation of goods with high tax risk. This system targets a specific range of products which are named high fiscal risk products, including vegetables, fruits, roots, edible tubers, alcoholic beverages, mineral products, new constructions, clothing, footwear, as well as cast iron, iron, and steel.
Developed collaboratively by the Ministry of Finance, customs authority, and tax authority, the RO e-Transport system aims to narrow the fiscal gap and combat fraud within the country’s territory. Initially, the use of this system was optional, but as of October 1, 2022, the tax authority has made it mandatory.
Penalties for non-compliance or incomplete production of transport files due to system requirements have been postponed until July 2024. The generated file must adhere to the XML format, with all technical specifications available on the system’s website.
Under this system, suppliers are obligated to declare the transportation of goods at least three days prior to shipping. A document with a Unique Identification of Transport (UIT) code is issued, which remains valid for five calendar days from the start of transportation. However, for intra-community transactions, the validity period extends to 15 days. UIT code is a unique identifier assigned to goods being transported, providing essential details about the products, the carrier, as well as loading and unloading locations during potential inspections. Importers and exporters are directly impacted by the implementation of this system, as it introduces a new layer of oversight and compliance in their operations.
As Romania continues to strengthen its fiscal monitoring capabilities, the e-Transport system stands as a significant advancement in combating tax evasion and ensuring the integrity of goods transportation within its borders.
Additionally, starting January 1, 2024, all international transportation of goods will fall under the RO e-Transport system. Non-compliance penalties will take effect from July 1, 2024. This applies to goods associated with fiscal risk, regardless of their supply location. The list includes vegetables, fruits, beverages, clothing, footwear, cast iron, iron, and steel. Effective March 1, 2024, edible meat, fish, dairy products, tobacco, and other processed items will be added to the list.
